Explosion-turbine.



F. PRETTNER. BXPLOSION TURBIHB. APPLIGATION :FILED JUNE 7, 1918.

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F. PRETTNER. BXPLOSION TURBINE. APrLloATIoN FILED JUNB 7, 1918.

Patented Sept. 1, 1914.

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F. PRETTNBR.

EXPLosIoN TURBINB.

I APPLICATION FILED JUNE7, 1913.

1,109,643. v Patented Sept. 1,1914.

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FRANZ'IPRETTNER, OF EIBISWALD, STYRIA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY, ASSIGNOR-OF ONE- HALF T0 JOSEF-WALCHENSTEINER, OF EIBISWALD, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

Be it known that I, FRANZ PRETTNER, a subject of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, residing, at Eibiswald, Styria, Austria-Himgary, have' invented certain Improvements in Explosion-Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to an ex-` plosion turbine and consists in the various details of construction and comblnation of parts as herein'after set forth and claimed, its

sion and combustion cylinders, Fig. 4, a`

cross-sectional view of one of the pistons fitted in the combustion cylinders, Fig. 5, an edge view of the rotor casing, partly in section, Fig; 6, a view, partly in section on an enlarged Scale, of the compression and combustion cylinders with their ap urtenances, and Fg. 7, a longitudinal section of one ofthe piston rods.

The rotor wheel 1 is inclosed in a casing 2 which communicates with two combustion chambers 3 arranged in juxtaposition. The explosions occur alternately in the' two chambers, and the nozzles 4, which are arranged for radial flow, direct the fiuid to the rotor at opposite sides of a central ring 5 'which projects beyond the blades and.

which takes, with its projecting part, into a groove made in the rotor casing (-Figs; 2 and 5). The action of each nozzzle is thus 'strictly confinedj to a separate portion of the rotor. l

A spring-actuated piston 6 is so arranged in each combustion Chamber as to normally protect the nozzle, the `piston being' itself hollow and open-ended, as shown in Fig.

4, so as not to 'be eflfected by the explosion.,

The piston may be solid, in which case the ends of the cylinder are set into communication by means of pipes or ducts. Sparking elements 7 are fitted in the Chamber wall so asto be normally in touch with a conspecification of Letters Patent.v Applicafim filea June 7, 1918. serii No. 772,882.

ExPLosIoN-TURBINE.

Patented Sept. 1, 1914.-

tact piece 8 connected to the piston rod 9 within the chamber, the conductor from said contact piece being led through the rod to the outside and embedded in an insulation 10, as shown in Fig. 7 w

The casing containing the two combustion chambers is integral with the compression cylinder 11 the opposite ends of which communicate with the combustion chambers, one with' each through the medium of pipes 12 and check Valves 13. Av piston 1-1 is arranged in the compressor cylinder so as to force air into one combustion chamber during the forward,and into the other during the return stroke. The compressor piston is reciprocated by means of a crank-shaft 15 rotation to which is communicated, for instance by means of a chain gearingyl, from the turbine shaft 17. Tappets or cams 18 are mounted on the crank-shaft so as to contact with the levers 19, pivoted at 20, for displacing the pistons in the combustion chambersfj in opposition to springs 21 and setting said chambers in communication 'with the rotor casing. This is efected when lby'an eccentric or a crank 24: mounted on the crank-shaft 15 and through the medium of a Stephenson link 25. The position of the into the comy pump rod relative to said link is Controlled f by a centrifugal governor 26 which is driven by the turbine sha'ft 17, the fuel supply bel ing thereby regulated.

The spent gases are discharged from the turbine casing through an eXhaust port in the usual manner. The spokes of the rotor wheel are fitted with fans 27 which circui late air successively through Cooling jackets' 28 arrange'd about the turbine casing,

and similar jackets arranged about the combustion chambers and the compressor cylinder. The air enters lthe turbine casing through apertures 29 (Fig. 1) made in the fsidewall around the shaft, and is passed said chambers simultaneously With the air,

into the cooling jacket 28 at the upper part of the casing.

In the case of small turbines the starting is efiected by a simple starting handle. Larger turbines are started by means of air which is compressed into a metal'bottle 30 at about G0 atmospheres. lThe bottle lis restored to normal pressure, after each starting, by means of the compressor which communicates therewith through a narrow pipe 31. A large pipe 32 connects the bottle With the rotor casing. Both pipes are fitted with suitable Valves.

I claimz- 1. An explosion turbin'e comprising in combination, a Vrotor casing, a rotor wheel arranged in said casing and provided with a central circumferential ring, the rotor casing having a groove in which to acconnnodate said ring, two cylindrical 'combustion chambers arranged in juxtaposition and connected to the rotor casing so as to direct the motive fluid radially to the rotor at op- 'posite sides of said ring, an air pump driven by the rotor for forcing air alternately into the combustion chamber, means actuated by the pump shaft for feeding motive fiuid into spring-actuated pistons arranged in the combustion chambers so as to close normally the communication with the rotor casing, cams on the pump shaft for operating the pistons and opening said communication at the moment of explosion, means operated by the piston rods for igniting the explosion mixture, and means operated by the rotor1 sh aft for regulating the fuel supply.

2. An' explosion turbine comprising in combination, a rotor casing, a rotor Wheel arranged in said casing and provided With a central circumferential ring, the rotor casing having a groove in which to accommodate said ring, two cylindrical combustion chambers arranged in ju'xtaposition and connccted to the rotor casing so as to direct the motive fluid radially to'the rotor at opposite sides of said ring, an air pump driven by the rotor for forcing air alternately into the combustion chambers, the casing containing the combustion chambers being integral with the pump cylinder, means actuated by the pump shaft for f'eeding motive fluid into said chambers simultaneously with the air, spring-actuated pistons arranged in the combustion chambers so as to close normally the communication with the roto:` casing, cams on the pump shaft for operating the pistons and opening said communication at the moment of explosion, means operated by the piston rods for igniting the explosive mixture,'and means operated by the rotor shaft regulating the fuel supply.

3. An explosion turbine comprising in combination, a rotor casing, a rotor Wheel arranged in said casing and provided with a central circumferential ring, the rotor casing having a groove in which to accommodate said ring, two cylindrical combustion chambers arranged in juxtaposition and .7 connected to the rotor casing so as to direct the motive fiuid radially to the rotor at opposite sides of said ring, an air pump driven by the rotor for forcing air alternately into the combustion chambers, means actuated by the pump shaft for feeding-motive fiuid into said chambers simultaneously With the air, spring-actuated pistons arranged in the combustion chambers so as to close normally the 'communication with the rotor casing, cams on the pump shaft for operating the pistons and opening said communication at the moment of explosion, sparking elements arranged in the combustion chambers so as to .be normally in contact, one element being connected to the piston rod so as to interrupt the contact and produce the spark when the piston is actuated in opposition to its spring, the electric conductor to said latter element being carried through the piston rod to the outside.

4. An explosion turbine comprising in combination, a rotor casing, a rotor Wheel arranged in said casing and provided With a central circumferential ring, the rotor casing having a groove in which to accommodate said'ring, two cylindrical combustion chambers arranged in juxtaposition and connected to the rotor casing so as to direct the motive fiuid radially to the rotor at opposite sides of said ring, an air pump dr1ven by the rotorl for forcmg air alternately mto the combustion chambers, a double-acting fuel pump adapted to feed fuel alternately into the two combustion cham- 'bers simultaneously with the air, connections, including a crank and a Stephenson link, between the air pump shaft and the fuel pump rod for operating the latter, a centrifugal governor driven by the 'rotor shaft and connected to said Stephenson link for regulating the fuel supply, spring-actuated pistons arranged in the combustion chambers so as to close normally the communication with the rotor casing, cams on the pump shaft for operating the pistons and opening said communication at the moment of explosion, and means operated by the piston rods for igniting the explosive mixture.

5. An explosion turbine, comprising in combination, a rotor casing, 'a rotor wheel arran god in said casing, two cylindrical combustion chambers arranged in juxtaposition and connected to the rotor casing so as to direct the motive fiuid radially to the rotor, anl air pump driven by 'the rotor for 'feeding air alternately into the combustion chambers, means actuated by the pump shaft forfeedng motive fiuid into said chambers w silnultzmeously. with the air, meansfor ignitng the explosive mxture in the comhustlon Chamber, means for puttlng smd combustlon ch'zunbel's lnto communlcatlon Wlth the rotor casng at the moment of explo'son,

a meta-1 bottle adapted to hold compressed air, means for setting said bottle into communication With the rotor easing for start- 

